Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) - mental disorder in which a person ;
- feels the need to perform certain routines repeatedly (compulsions)
- has certain thoughts repeatedly (obsessions)
The person is unable to control either the thoughts or activities for more than a short period of time
- Compulsions are learned behaviours, which become repetitive and habitual when they are associated with relief from anxiety.
- Genetic and hereditary factors.
- Chemical, structural and functional abnormalities in the brain
- Stressful life events
- Hormonal changes
- Personality traits
Symptoms
Compulsions
- Excessive hand washing, showering and tooth brushing
- Excessive cleaning and washing of house, household items, food, car and other areas
- Excessive checking of locks, electrical and gas appliances, and other things associated with safety
- Repeating routine activities and actions such as reading, writing, walking, picking up something or opening a door
- Applying rigid rules and patterns to the placement of objects, furniture, books, clothes and other items
- Touching tapping or moving in a particular way or a certain number of times
- Needing to constantly ask questions or confess to seek reassurance
- Mentally repeating words or numbers a certain number of times, or concentrating on ‘good’ or ‘safe’ numbers
Obsessions
- Fear of contamination from germs, dirt, poisons, and other physical and environmental substances
- Fear of harm from illness, accidents or death that may occur to oneself or to others
- Intrusive thoughts and images about sex, violence, accidents and other issues
- Excessive concern with symmetry, exactness and orderliness
- Excessive concerns about illness, religious issues or morality
- Needing to know and remember things
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